Ngo-2019, i-FDA yaseMelika yamemezela isiphakamiso esisha esisho ukuthi phakathi kwezithako ezisebenzayo zokuvikela ilanga eziyi-16 okwamanje emakethe yase-US, i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide yengezwa emikhiqizweni yokuvikela ilanga njengokuthi “GRASE” (Ngokujwayelekile yaziwa njengephephile futhi iyasebenza).I-PABA ne-Trolamine Salicylate akuzona "GRASE" zokusetshenziswa ezikhiqizweni zelanga ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphepha.Kodwa-ke, lokhu okuqukethwe kukhishwa ngaphandle komongo, futhi kuyaqondakala ukuthi ama-ejenti okuvikela ilanga aphathekayo kuphela-i-nano zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide-aphephile futhi asebenza ngempumelelo ezithakweni ezisebenzayo zokuvikela ilanga, amanye amakhemikhali avikela ilanga awaphephile futhi awasebenzi kahle.Eqinisweni, ukuqonda okulungile ukuthi nakuba i-US FDA ibheka i-nano-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide njenge-“GRASE”, akusho ukuthi amanye ama-agent ayi-12 amakhemikhali okuvikela ilanga awawona ama-GRSE, kodwa asantula idatha eyanele yokuphepha ukuze abonise. .Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-FDA iphinde icele izinkampani ezifanele ukuthi zinikeze idatha yokwesekwa kokuphepha okwengeziwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-FDA iphinde yenza isilingo somtholampilo mayelana "nokumuncwa kwesikrini selanga esikhumbeni singene egazini" futhi yathola ukuthi ezinye izithako ezisebenzayo zokuvikela ilanga ezikhiqizweni elangeni, uma zimuncwa umzimba ngezinga eliphezulu, zingadala izinkinga zempilo.ingozi.Ngokushesha nje lapho imiphumela yocwaningo ishicilelwe, yavusa ingxoxo esabalele emhlabeni wonke, futhi kancane kancane yabangela ukungaqondi kahle kwabathengi abavamile ababengalazi iqiniso.Babekholelwa ngokuqondile ukuthi ama-sunscreens angangena egazini futhi awaphephile emzimbeni womuntu, futhi ngisho nohlangothi olulodwa lwalukholelwa ukuthi ama-sunscreens ayingozi empilweni futhi angeke asetshenziswe.
Kubikwa ukuthi i-FDA iqashe amavolontiya angu-24, ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu angu-4, futhi ahlola ama-sunscreens aqukethe ama-sunscreen angu-4 ahlukene efomini.Okokuqala, amavolontiya anikele ngo-75% wesikhumba sonke somzimba, ngokomthamo ojwayelekile we-2mg/cm2, izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku ngezinsuku ezi-4 ezilandelanayo ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen.Khona-ke, amasampula egazi amavolontiya aqoqwa izinsuku ezingu-7 ezilandelanayo futhi okuqukethwe kwe-sunscreen egazini kwahlolwa.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi indawo yesikhumba yomuntu omdala icishe ibe ngu-1.5-2 ㎡.Uma kubhekwa inani elimaphakathi elingu-1.8 ㎡ , uma libalwa ngokwenani elijwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sunscreen d ngamavolontiya cishe kucishe kube ngu-2×1.8×10000/1000=36g esivivinyweni , futhi inani lezikhathi ezingu-4 ngosuku lingu-36×4= awu 144g.Ngokuvamile, indawo yesikhumba sobuso icishe ibe ngu-300-350cm², ukufakwa kwe-sunscreen okukodwa kwanele ukuvikela usuku lonke.Ngale ndlela, inani lokusetshenziswa elibaliwe lingu-2×350/1000=0.7g, noma ngabe ukupendiwa kufakiwe, cishe ku-1 .0 ~1.5g.Uma thatha s inani eliphakeme lamagremu angu-1.5, ukubala izikhathi ezingu-144/1.5=96 .Futhi inani le-sunscreen esetshenziswa amavolontiya izinsuku ezingu-4 zilandelana ngu-144×4=576g, kuyilapho inani lansuku zonke le-sunscreen esetshenziswa abantu abavamile Izinsuku ezi-4 ngu-1.5×4=6g.Ngakho-ke, umehluko phakathi kwesilinganiso samagremu angu-576 namagremu angu-6 we-sunscreen mkhulu kakhulu futhi umthelela uyabonakala.
Izithako zokuvikela ilanga ezihlolwe yi-FDA kulokhu kuhlola kwakuyi-benzophenone-3, i-octoclilin, i-avobenzone, ne-TDSA.Phakathi kwazo, idatha yokutholwa kuphela ye-benzophenone-3 idlula kude lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "inani lokuphepha", cishe izikhathi ezingu-400 ezidlula izinga, i-octocrylene ne-avobenzone kokubili ngaphakathi kwezikhathi ze-10, futhi i-p-xylylenedicamphorsulfonic acid Ayitholakali.
Ngokwetiyori, ukusetshenziswa okunamandla okuqhubekayo kwe-sunscreen kuzodala umphumela okhulayo.Akumangalisi ukuthi ngisho nama-sunscreens atholakala egazini ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kangaka zokuhlola.Ama-sunscreens avunyelwe futhi asetshenziswa iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi eminyaka, amazwe amaningi alawule ama-sunscreens njengemithi, futhi kuze kube manje ayikho idatha yocwaningo eyanele ukufakazela ukuthi inemiphumela emibi yesistimu emzimbeni womuntu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-09-2022
